Note – The energy losses included are those that produce excitation and ionization of atoms as well as those producing recoil atoms.
S col = ( dE dl ) col MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagCart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbbjxAHXgaruavP1wzZbItLDhis9wBH5garmWu51MyVXgarqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqipG0dh9qqWrVepG0dbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9LqFf0xc9q8qqaqFn0lXdHiVcFbIOFHK8Feea0dXdar=Jb9hs0dXdHuk9fr=xfr=xfrpeWZqaaeaaciWacmGadaGadeaabaGaaqaaaOqaaiaadofadaWgaaWcbaGaae4yaiaab+gacaqGSbaabeaakiabg2da9maabmaabaWaaSaaaeaacaqGKbGaamyraaqaaiaabsgacaWGSbaaaaGaayjkaiaawMcaamaaBaaaleGabaGadiaabogacaqGVbGaaeiBaaqabaaaaa@4246@
Note – Les pertes d'énergie par collision sont celles qui produisent l'excitation et l'ionisation des atomes, ainsi que celles produisant les atomes de recul.